They're appointed to the bench for life per the Constitution. Nominated by POTUS and confirmed by Senate, the same as his cabinet officials. The exception is POTUS cannot fire them (i.e. accept their resignation). Most retire in very advanced years. Most of the deaths from old age occur on SCOTUS, not on the Appellate or District Courts. Only three ways to be rid of them:So, if Judges willfully ignore and functionally violate a SCOTUS precedent, does SCOTUS have any power to remove those Judges? If not, there certainly needs to be some authority to do so, I would think.
- Death,
- Voluntary Retirement, or
- Impeachment & Conviction by House and Senate.
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